SL-16094: Fix WorkQueue test for correct behavior of runFor().

Turns out that one of our WorkQueue integration tests was relying on the
incorrect runFor() behavior that we just fixed, so the test broke. Now that
runFor() doesn't wait around for work to be posted, use an explicit wait loop
instead.

To support this, add LLCond::get(functor), where functor must accept a const
reference to the stored data. This new get() returns whatever the functor
returns, allowing a caller to peek at the stored data.

Also use universal references for all remaining LLCond functor arguments.