Ever since February 2010, the body of the login coroutine function has been
enclosed in try/catch (...), with an llerrs message to try to crash more
informatively than the runtime's unhandled-exception termination. Over the
years this evolved to LL_ERRS and then to CRASH_ON_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION.

This persisted despite the August 2016 addition of generic catch clauses in
the LLCoros::toplevel() function to serve the same purpose, and despite the
subsequent introduction of the LLCoros::Stop family of exceptions to
deliberately throw into waiting coroutines on viewer shutdown.

That's exactly what was happening. When the user closed the viewer while
waiting for the response from login.cgi, the waiting operation threw
LLCoros::Stopping, which was caught by that CRASH_ON_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION,
which crashed the viewer with LL_ERRS rather than propagating up to the
toplevel() and cleanly terminating the coroutine.

Change CRASH_ON_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION() to LOG_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION() and
re-throw so toplevel() can handle.

Specifically:

LLCoros::Mutex means boost::fibers::mutex
LLCoros::LockType means std::unique_lock<boost::fibers::mutex>
LLCoros::ConditionVariable means boost::fibers::condition_variable
LLCoros::cv_status means boost::fibers::cv_status

So as not to drag in all of boost::fibers::mutex.hpp or condition_variable.hpp
for each consumer of llcoros.h, instead #define LLCOROS_MUTEX_HEADER and
LLCOROS_CONDVAR_HEADER. Those who need them can #include the relevant macro.

Update llcond.h and llthreadsafequeue.h accordingly.

Actually, introduce static LLCoros::logname() and make the namespaced free
function an alias for that.

Because CoroData is a subclass of LLInstanceTracker with a key, every instance
requires a distinct key. That conflicts with our "getName() returns empty
string for default coroutine on thread" convention. Introduce a new CoroData
constructor, specifically for the default coroutine on each thread, that
initializes the getName() name to empty string while providing a distinct
"mainN" key. Make get_CoroData() use that new constructor for its thread_local
instance, passing an atomic<int> incremented each time we initialize one for a
new thread.

Then LLCoros::logname() returns either the getName() name or the key.

The new LLCoros::Stop exception is intended to terminate long-lived coroutines
-- not interrupt mainstream shutdown processing. Only throw it on an
explicitly-launched coroutine.

Make LLCoros::getName() (used by the above test) static. As with other LLCoros
methods, it might be called after the LLCoros LLSingleton instance has been
deleted. Requiring the caller to call instance() implies a possible need to
also call wasDeleted(). Encapsulate that nuance into a static method instead.

Instead of heap-allocating a CoroData instance per coroutine, storing the
pointer in a ptr_map and deleting it from the ptr_map once the
fiber_specific_ptr for that coroutine is cleaned up -- just declare a stack
instance on the top-level stack frame, the simplest C++ lifespan management.
Derive CoroData from LLInstanceTracker to detect potential name collisions and
to enumerate instances.

Continue registering each coroutine's CoroData instance in our
fiber_specific_ptr, but use a no-op deleter function.

Make ~LLCoros() directly pump the fiber scheduler a few times, instead of
having a special "LLApp" listener.

By the time "LLApp" listeners are notified that the app is quitting, the
mainloop is no longer running. Even though those listeners do things like
close work queues and inject exceptions into pending promises, any coroutines
waiting on those resources must regain control before they can notice and shut
down properly. Add a final "LLApp" listener that resumes ready coroutines a
few more times.

Make sure every other "LLApp" listener is positioned before that new one.

Introduce LLCoros::Stop exception, with subclasses Stopping, Stopped and
Shutdown. Add LLCoros::checkStop(), intended to be called periodically by any
coroutine with nontrivial lifespan. It checks the LLApp status and, unless
isRunning(), throws one of these new exceptions.

Make LLCoros::toplevel() catch Stop specially and log forcible coroutine
termination.

Now that LLApp status matters even in a test program, introduce a trivial
LLTestApp subclass whose sole function is to make isRunning() true.
(LLApp::setStatus() is protected: only a subclass can call it.) Add LLTestApp
instances to lleventcoro_test.cpp and lllogin_test.cpp.

Make LLCoros::toplevel() accept parameters by value rather than by const
reference so we can continue using them even after context switches.

Make private LLCoros::get_CoroData() static. Given that we've observed some
coroutines living past LLCoros destruction, making the caller call
LLCoros::instance() is more dangerous than encapsulating it within a static
method -- since the encapsulated call can check LLCoros::wasDeleted() first
and do something reasonable instead. This also eliminates the need for both a
const and non-const overload.

Defend LLCoros::delete_CoroData() (cleanup function for fiber_specific_ptr for
CoroData, implicitly called after coroutine termination) against calls after
~LLCoros().

Add a status string to coroutine-local data, with LLCoro::setStatus(),
getStatus() and RAII class TempStatus.

Add an optional 'when' string argument to LLCoros::printActiveCoroutines().
Make ~LLCoros() print the coroutines still active at destruction.

Sync is specifically intended for test programs. It is based on an
LLScalarCond<int>. The idea is that each of two coroutines can watch for the
other to get a chance to run, indicated by incrementing the wrapped int and
notifying the wrapped condition_variable. This is less hand-wavy than calling
llcoro::suspend() and hoping that the other routine will have had a chance to
run.

Use Sync in lleventcoro_test.cpp.

Also refactor lleventcoro_test.cpp so that instead of a collection of static
data requiring a clear() call at start of each individual test function, the
relevant data is all part of the test_data struct common to all test
functions. Make the helper coroutine functions members of test_data too.

Introduce llcoro::logname(), a convenience function to log the name of the
currently executing coroutine or "main" if in the thread's main coroutine.

Longtime fans will remember that the "dcoroutine" library is a Google Summer
of Code project by Giovanni P. Deretta. He originally called it
"Boost.Coroutine," and we originally added it to our 3p-boost autobuild
package as such. But when the official Boost.Coroutine library came along
(with a very different API), and we still needed the API of the GSoC project,
we renamed the unofficial one "dcoroutine" to allow coexistence.

The "dcoroutine" library had an internal low-level API more or less analogous
to Boost.Context. We later introduced an implementation of that internal API
based on Boost.Context, a step towards eliminating the GSoC code in favor of
official, supported Boost code.

However, recent versions of Boost.Context no longer support the API on which
we built the shim for "dcoroutine." We started down the path of reimplementing
that shim using the current Boost.Context API -- then realized that it's time
to bite the bullet and replace the "dcoroutine" API with the Boost.Fiber API,
which we've been itching to do for literally years now.

Naturally, most of the heavy lifting is in llcoros.{h,cpp} and
lleventcoro.{h,cpp} -- which is good: the LLCoros layer abstracts away most of
the differences between "dcoroutine" and Boost.Fiber.

The one feature Boost.Fiber does not provide is the ability to forcibly
terminate some other fiber. Accordingly, disable LLCoros::kill() and
LLCoprocedureManager::shutdown(). The only known shutdown() call was in
LLCoprocedurePool's destructor.

We also took the opportunity to remove postAndSuspend2() and its associated
machinery: FutureListener2, LLErrorEvent, errorException(), errorLog(),
LLCoroEventPumps. All that dual-LLEventPump stuff was introduced at a time
when the Responder pattern was king, and we assumed we'd want to listen on one
LLEventPump with the success handler and on another with the error handler. We
have never actually used that in practice. Remove associated tests, of course.

There is one other semantic difference that necessitates patching a number of
tests: with "dcoroutine," fulfilling a future IMMEDIATELY resumes the waiting
coroutine. With Boost.Fiber, fulfilling a future merely marks the fiber as
ready to resume next time the scheduler gets around to it. To observe the test
side effects, we've inserted a number of llcoro::suspend() calls -- also in
the main loop.

For a long time we retained a single unit test exercising the raw "dcoroutine"
API. Remove that.

Eliminate llcoro_get_id.{h,cpp}, which provided llcoro::get_id(), which was a
hack to emulate fiber-local variables. Since Boost.Fiber has an actual API for
that, remove the hack.

In fact, use (new alias) LLCoros::local_ptr for LLSingleton's dependency
tracking in place of llcoro::get_id().

In CMake land, replace BOOST_COROUTINE_LIBRARY with BOOST_FIBER_LIBRARY. We
don't actually use the Boost.Coroutine for anything (though there exist
plausible use cases).

Specifically, introduce an LLEventMailDrop("LoginSync"). When the updater
detects that an update is required, it will post to that rendezvous point.

When login.cgi responds with login failure, make the login coroutine wait (a
few seconds) for that ping from the updater.

If we receive that ping and if it contains a "reply" key, make the fail.login
listener respond to the updater with an indication of whether to proceed with
update.

If both login.cgi and the updater concur that an update is required, produce a
new confirmation message for the user and then (once user responds) tell the
updater to proceed. Otherwise, produce the usual login-failure message and
tell the updater never mind.

Introduce LLCoro::OverrideConsuming to provide temporary save/restore of the
set_consuming() / get_consuming() flag. It's a good idea to set the consuming
flag when retrieving data from an LLEventMailDrop.

A shocking number of LLSingleton subclasses had public constructors -- and in
several instances, were being explicitly instantiated independently of the
LLSingleton machinery. This breaks the new LLSingleton dependency-tracking
machinery. It seems only fair that if you say you want an LLSingleton, there
should only be ONE INSTANCE!

Introduce LLSINGLETON() and LLSINGLETON_EMPTY_CTOR() macros. These handle the
friend class LLSingleton<whatevah>;
and explicitly declare a private nullary constructor.

To try to enforce the LLSINGLETON() convention, introduce a new pure virtual
LLSingleton method you_must_use_LLSINGLETON_macro() which is, as you might
suspect, defined by the macro. If you declare an LLSingleton subclass without
using LLSINGLETON() or LLSINGLETON_EMPTY_CTOR() in the class body, you can't
instantiate the subclass for lack of a you_must_use_LLSINGLETON_macro()
implementation -- which will hopefully remind the coder.

Trawl through ALL LLSingleton subclass definitions, sprinkling in
LLSINGLETON() or LLSINGLETON_EMPTY_CTOR() as appropriate. Remove all explicit
constructor declarations, public or private, along with relevant 'friend class
LLSingleton<myself>' declarations. Where destructors are declared, move them
into private section as well. Where the constructor was inline but nontrivial,
move out of class body.

Fix several LLSingleton abuses revealed by making ctors/dtors private:

LLGlobalEconomy was both an LLSingleton and the base class for
LLRegionEconomy, a non-LLSingleton. (Therefore every LLRegionEconomy instance
contained another instance of the LLGlobalEconomy "singleton.") Extract
LLBaseEconomy; LLGlobalEconomy is now a trivial subclass of that.
LLRegionEconomy, as you might suspect, now derives from LLBaseEconomy.

LLToolGrab, an LLSingleton, was also explicitly instantiated by
LLToolCompGun's constructor. Extract LLToolGrabBase, explicitly instantiated,
with trivial subclass LLToolGrab, the LLSingleton instance.

(WARNING: LLToolGrabBase methods have an unnerving tendency to go after
LLToolGrab::getInstance(). I DO NOT KNOW what should be the relationship
between the instance in LLToolCompGun and the LLToolGrab singleton instance.)

LLGridManager declared a variant constructor accepting (const std::string&),
with the comment:
// initialize with an explicity grid file for testing.
As there is no evidence of this being called from anywhere, delete it.

LLChicletBar's constructor accepted an optional (const LLSD&). As the LLSD
parameter wasn't used, and as there is no evidence of it being passed from
anywhere, delete the parameter.

LLViewerWindow::shutdownViews() was checking LLNavigationBar::
instanceExists(), then deleting its getInstance() pointer -- leaving a
dangling LLSingleton instance pointer, a land mine if any subsequent code
should attempt to reference it. Use deleteSingleton() instead.

~LLAppViewer() was calling LLViewerEventRecorder::instance() and then
explicitly calling ~LLViewerEventRecorder() on that instance -- leaving the
LLSingleton instance pointer pointing to an allocated-but-destroyed instance.
Use deleteSingleton() instead.

Until now, the "main coroutine" (the initial context) of each thread left
LLCoros::Current() NULL. The trouble with that is that llcoro::get_id()
returns that CoroData* as an opaque token, and we want distinct values for
every stack in the process. That would not be true if the "main coroutine" on
thread A returned the same value (NULL) as the "main coroutine" on thread B,
and so forth. Give each thread's "main coroutine" a dummy heap CoroData
instance of its own.

We need LLSingleton machinery to be able to reference get_id() without also
depending on all the rest of LLCoros -- since LLCoros isa LLSingleton.

Change the module-static thread_specific_ptr to a function-static
thread_specific_ptr so it will be initialized on demand -- since LLSingleton
will need to rely on get_id(). Note that since LLCoros isa LLSingleton, we
must take great care to avoid circularity.

Introduce a private helper class LLCoros::Current to obtain and bind that
thread_specific_ptr. Change all existing internal references from the static
thread_specific_ptr to the new Current helper class.

The original implementation of set_consuming() involved a bool* pointing to a
local bool in VoidListener::operator()()'s stack frame. postAndSuspend() would
set that bool (through the pointer) as soon as it returned from suspension.

The trouble with that is that LLEventMailDrop potentially calls its new
listener (fulfilling the future) immediately in the listen_impl() override --
in other words, way up at the top of postAndSuspend(), well before the code
that sets the relevant bool.

Instead, make the adapter formerly known as VoidListener bind the coroutine's
get_consuming() value at adapter construction time (before listening on the
LLEventPump), so that its operator()() has the coroutine's correct
get_consuming() value to return. Eliminating the bool* makes the code both
simpler AND more correct!

This change makes that adapter very specific to coroutine usage. Rename it
FutureListener and migrate it from lleventcoros.h into the .cpp file. Nobody
else was using it anyway.

Make corresponding changes to postAndSuspend2() and its WaitForEventOnHelper
class -- whose name no longer corresponds to the function as it used to.
Rename that one FutureListener2. The new FutureListener functionality, common
to both these adapters, makes it useful to derive FutureListener2 from
FutureListener.

Introduce llmake(), a generic function to deduce template type arguments from
function parameter types. This allows us to remove the voidlistener() and
wfeoh() helper functions.

Hiding VoidListener broke one of the lleventcoro_test.cpp tests. But that test
was sort of a lame recap of an earlier implementation of postAndSuspend(),
based on LLEventPump events. Recast that test to illustrate how to use a
coroutine future to suspend a coroutine for something other than an LLEventPump.

But that rubbed my nose in the fact that we MUST wrap future's context
switching with proper management of the current coroutine. Introduce
LLCoros::Future<T>, which wraps boost::dcoroutines::future<T>.

Use LLCoros::Future<T> in postAndSuspend() and postAndSuspend2().

set_consuming(true) tells each postAndSuspend() call to consume the event for
which it is suspending.

Our first cut at tracking the "current" coroutine simply reset the pointer to
NULL every time we context-switched away. But that strategy doesn't handle the
case of coroutine A launching coroutine B.
Introduce LLCoros::CoroData to track, among other things, the previous value
of the current-coroutine pointer each time we switch into a coroutine. Restore
THAT value when we switch back out.

To date, the coroutine helper functions in lleventcoro.h have been in the
global namespace. Migrate them into llcoro namespace, and fix references.
Specifically, LLVoidListener => llcoro::VoidListener, and voidlistener(),
postAndWait(), both waitForEventOn(), postAndWait2(), errorException() and
errorLog() have been moved into llcoro.
Also migrate new LLCoros::get_self() and Suspending to llcoro:: namespace.
While at it, I realized that -- having converted several lleventcoro.h
functions from templates (for arbitrary 'self' parameter type) to ordinary
functions, having moved them from lleventcoro.h to lleventcoro.cpp, we can now
migrate their helpers from lleventcoro.h to lleventcoro.cpp as well. This
eliminates the need for the LLEventDetail namespace; the relevant helpers are
now in an anonymous namespace in the .cpp file: listenerNameForCoro(),
storeToLLSDPath(), WaitForEventOnHelper and wfeoh().

lleventcoro_test.cpp runs clean (as modified for new API), and all the rest
builds clean, but the resulting viewer is as yet untested.

These were used in a former iteration (when we explicitly forwarded
parameters), but are no longer needed.

Introduce LLCoros::setStackSize(), with a compile-time default value we hope
we never have to use. Make LLAppViewer call it with the value of the new
settings variable CoroutineStackSize as soon as we've read settings files.
(While we're at it, notify interested parties that we've read settings files.)
Give CoroutineStackSize a default value four times the previous default stack
size. Make LLCoros::launch() pass the saved stack size to each new coroutine
instance.
Re-enable lleventcoro integration test. Use LLSDMap() construct rather than
LLSD::insert(), which used to return the modified object but is now void.

In autobuild.xml, specify today's build of the Boost package that includes the
Boost.Context library, and whose boost::dcoroutines library uses Boost.Context
exclusively instead of its previous context-switching underpinnings (source of
the ucontext.h dependency).
Add BOOST_CONTEXT_LIBRARY to Boost.cmake and Copy3rdPartyLibs.cmake. Link it
with the viewer and with the lllogin.cpp test executable.
Track new Boost package convention that our (early, unofficial) Boost.Coroutine
library is now accessed as boost/dcoroutine/etc.h and boost::dcoroutines::etc.
Remove #include <boost/coroutine/coroutine.hpp> from
llviewerprecompiledheaders.h and lllogin.cpp: old rule that Boost.Coroutine
header must be #included before anything else that might use ucontext.h is
gone now that we no longer depend on ucontext.h. In fact remove
-D_XOPEN_SOURCE in 00-Common.cmake because that was inserted specifically to
work around a known problem with the ucontext.h facilities.

boost::bind() to pass any other coroutine arguments. This allows us to remove
the LLCoroBase and LLCoro constructs, directly storing a coroutine object in
our ptr_map. It also allows us to remove the multiple launch() overloads for
multiple arguments. Finally, it lets us move most launch() functionality into
a non-template method.